.... detrimental effect on the ozone layer. Large holes in the ozone layer are forming over the polar regions and these are increasing in size annually. Paradoxically, ozone is toxic! Undiluted ozone is bluish in colour. Liquid ozone is bluish-black, and solid ozone is violet-black. Oxygen is very reactive and capable of combining with most elements. It is essential for respiration of all plants and animals and for practically all combustion. history of oxygen Leonardo da Vinci suggested that air consists of at least two different gases. Before then, air was felt to be an element in its own right. He was also aware that one of t .....

.... and have more of its kind. A species is named endangered when of its kind occurs in a low number. About 1000 species in the world are named endangered, or are in threat to be extinct. I never knew that some kinds of birds were in danger. We can help these animals and plants by making laws that you are not allowed to hunt or kill any animal that is in danger of extinction. Government Involvement Only since the 19th century has there been worldwide concern about the case of species in their natural environments. Finally in 1916 they made a law called Migratory Bird Treaty. They had this law in United States, Great Britain, Canad .....

.... Electric current is passed through water which releases the lements it is made of. These elements are hydrogen and oxygen. Today's efficiency of this method is about 65 percent, however 80-85 percent are possible with more research. Another method of producing hydrogen is through chemical means. It is a scientific fact that every metal that is less noble than hydrogen will isplace hydrogen from water . Common materials used in this reaction is sodium or potassium . Sodium plus water will produce hydrogen , NaOH, and heat . Other reactions include the "producer" reaction that was discovered in 1800 . It involves combining heat, carbon, .....

.... mind was what separated man from lower forms of life. It is an attribute characterized by sensation and voluntary movement which described the difference between normal waking state of animals and men and their condition when asleep.2 Other descriptions included an analysis of consciousness as a form of relationship or act of the mind toward objects in nature, and a view that consciousness was a continuous field or stream of essentially mental "sense data." The method believed by most early writers in determining consciousness was introspection—looking within one’s own mind to discover the laws of it’s operation. This belief .....

.... year. It is therefore logical that scientists are constantly searching for new improved catalysts which will improve efficiency or produce a greater yield. An acidic catalyst works due its acid nature. Catalysts are strong acids and readily give up hydrogen ions, or protons: H+. Protons can be released from hydrated ions, for example H3O+, but more commonly they are released from ionisable hydroxyl groups (R-OH) where the O-H bond is broken to produce R-O- and H+. When the reactant receives protons from an acid it undergoes a conformational change, (change in shape and configuration), and becomes a reactive intermediate. The intermediate ca .....

.... the concentration gradient. In active transport the cell uses ATP to remove unwanted materials and to receive needed ones. For example a muscle cell wants potassium and wants to get rid of a sodium, the cell releases ATP to the pump proteins which results in the cell ejecting the sodium ion and at the same time another receptor cell accepts a potassium which is then released into the cell and the process is repeated until the cell is finished. c.Facilitated Transport In facilitated transport a molecule that cannot normally pass through into a cell use a carrier protein to gain access and exit. Basically this allows a cell to ac .....

.... Uranium is also abundant, thanks to recent discoveries of large reserves. At present, uranium is only being mined and separated from ore. However, a huge untapped source is our oceans. Sea water contains 3.3x10^(-9) (3.3 parts per billion) of uranium, so the 1.4x10^18 tons of sea water contains 4.6x10^9 tons of uranium. All the world's electricity usage, 650GWe could therefore be supplied by the uranium in sea water for 7 million years(Energy 25). This is a only a theoretical number because it is not possible to get all of the uranium out of our vast oceans. Also, it does not include the fact that in that many years, ha .....

.... of infection, transmission, distribution, and treatment of the disease will be provided. After reviewing the background material, a great deal of questions may arise as to how exactly this disease is spread from person to person and what conditions promote infection. For example, one may wish to investigate the following: 1) Mycobacterium leprae as yet to be cultured in laboratory media? Why? 2) Why is leprosy so prevalent in some parts of the world (i.e. India) but not in others? 3) How does leprosy become so widespread in a population? 4) Despite the discovery of drug treatments, why are over million people still infected? 5) Is there .....

.... no treatment. The term was first considered to be important about 20 years ago when scientists in Sweden and Norway first believed that acidic rain may be causing great ecological damage to the planet. The problem was that by the time that the scientist found the problem it was already very large. Detecting an acid lake is often quite difficult. A lake does not become acid over night. It happens over a period of many years, some times decades. The changes are usually to gradual for them to be noticed early. At the beginning of the 20th century most rivers/lakes like the river Tovdal in Norway had not yet begun to die. However b .....

.... of damage to personal computers and computer systems around the world. The damage can be extensive; mostly due to the loss of time spent recovering the infected data. A computer virus in a system is one of the worst things that can happen to a computer user. Still, many specialists insist that it is possible to use the replication mechanism of for some useful and beneficial purposes. In this paper I will examine the question of why computer users consider to be a bad thing and why they reject the idea of having a computer virus serve a good purpose. I will also explore the military point of view with regard to . This paper is based in .....